A seizing AC fan motor suggests issues with the bearings or electrical faults. The motor may hum but not rotate when powered. Check the capacitor and wiring. If the shaft spins freely without power but locks under load, look for a hot spot, overheating, or a blown thermal fuse. These factors could indicate a fault in the induction motor.
To troubleshoot, first, disconnect the power supply to ensure safety. Inspect the fan blades for obstructions and ensure they can rotate freely. Check the condition of the motor bearings, as they may become dry or worn. Examine electrical connections for rust or damage that can impede performance.
Solutions may include lubricating the bearings to reduce friction. If lubrication fails, replacing the motor or its components might be necessary. Frequent maintenance helps prevent seizing.
Understanding the causes assists in effective repair. Regular inspections can catch issues early, extending the lifespan of the AC fan motor.
In the next section, we will explore preventive measures and tips for maintaining your AC system, ensuring smooth operation and minimizing future seizing incidents.
What Does It Mean When an AC Fan Motor Seizes When Powered?
When an AC fan motor seizes when powered, it means that the motor is unable to turn or operate, often due to internal mechanical failure or electrical issues.
Reasons that can cause an AC fan motor to seize include:
1. Lack of lubrication
2. Overheating
3. Electrical failure
4. Mechanical obstruction
5. Bearing wear or damage
Understanding the causes of a seized AC fan motor helps in effective troubleshooting and repair.
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Lack of Lubrication:
Lack of lubrication leads to increased friction. Fans require lubricants to reduce wear and allow smooth movement. Without lubrication, internal parts can grind against each other, causing the motor to seize. Regular maintenance can prevent this. -
Overheating:
Overheating can result from excessive strain or inadequate airflow. High temperatures can cause insulation failure and lead to a complete motor lock-up. A study by the Electrical Safety Foundation International states that overheating can degrade motor components, shortening their lifespan significantly. -
Electrical Failure:
Electrical failure can occur due to shorts or circuit issues. If the power supply fluctuates or fails, the motor may seize. According to the National Electrical Manufacturers Association, addressing electrical faults is crucial to maintaining operational efficiency in motors. -
Mechanical Obstruction:
Mechanical obstruction can result from debris or displacement of components. Objects blocking the fan’s path can prevent it from turning. Proper installation and regular inspection help minimize this risk. -
Bearing Wear or Damage:
Bearing wear or damage can restrict movement. Bearings are essential for rotational function, and when they wear out, they can cause failure. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers highlights that timely replacement of worn bearings is critical for motor longevity.
Addressing the above issues can help restore function to the AC fan motor, enhancing overall performance and prolonging its lifespan.
What Are the Common Signs Indicating an AC Fan Motor Is Seizing?
The common signs indicating an AC fan motor is seizing include unusual noises, the fan not spinning, overheating, and a burning smell.
- Unusual Noises
- Fan Not Spinning
- Overheating
- Burning Smell
The signs of a seizing AC fan motor can often lead to confusion, as different issues may present with similar symptoms. Understanding these specific indicators can help in troubleshooting effectively.
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Unusual Noises: Unusual noises can indicate mechanical issues. If the AC fan motor is seizing, it may produce grinding or squeaking sounds. These noises often indicate that the motor bearings or internal components are struggling or malfunctioning. Regular maintenance can help detect such issues early on, preventing complete motor failure.
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Fan Not Spinning: The fan not spinning is a clear sign of trouble. If the motor is seizing, it may fail to rotate, even when powered on. This can be caused by various factors, including electrical failures or internal blockages. Observing the fan while the AC is running is a good practice for identifying this problem early.
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Overheating: Overheating occurs when the motor cannot function properly due to internal friction. A seizing motor can generate excess heat, potentially leading to further damage. If the motor is running hot to the touch, it may be on the verge of seizing. Regular inspections can help catch these signs before they result in failure.
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Burning Smell: A burning smell can indicate that the AC fan motor is overheating or that its electrical components are failing. If the motor is seizing, it may overheat, leading to insulation breakdown and a burnt smell. This is a critical indicator that should be addressed immediately to prevent fire hazards.
In summary, these signs—unusual noises, fan not spinning, overheating, and burning smell—are key indicators that an AC fan motor is seizing, requiring immediate attention.
What Are the Most Likely Causes of an AC Fan Motor Seizing When Powered?
The most likely causes of an AC fan motor seizing when powered include mechanical failure, electrical issues, lack of lubrication, and environmental factors.
- Mechanical failure
- Electrical issues
- Lack of lubrication
- Environmental factors
Understanding the causes behind an AC fan motor seizing provides insights into maintenance needs and preventative measures.
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Mechanical Failure:
Mechanical failure occurs when components within the motor, such as bearings or the rotor, become damaged or worn out. This can lead to increased friction, preventing the motor from running smoothly. A report from the U.S. Department of Energy (2016) indicates that mechanical failures are common in older AC units, particularly where regular maintenance has been neglected. For example, a study by Schneider Electric revealed that 30% of motors in older commercial air conditioning systems were found to have mechanical failures due to age and wear. -
Electrical Issues:
Electrical issues can cause an AC fan motor to seize when powered. Common problems include faulty wiring, short circuits, or power surges that may overload the motor. According to the National Fire Protection Association, electrical malfunctions account for nearly 30% of fires in heating and cooling systems. A case study from Electrical Contractor Magazine highlights how improper voltage levels can lead to overheating, resulting in motor failure. Proper electrical measurements and inspections can mitigate these risks. -
Lack of Lubrication:
Lack of lubrication leads to increased friction within the motor components. Many fan motors depend on lubricants to allow smooth operation. The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) emphasizes the importance of routine maintenance, including lubrication checks. Neglecting this aspect can lead to premature wear and eventual seizing. In one case, maintenance records indicated that a commercial facility did not lubricate motors biannually as recommended, which ultimately resulted in a seized fan motor. -
Environmental Factors:
Environmental factors also play a crucial role in the performance of an AC fan motor. Excess dust, humidity, and extreme temperatures can affect motor efficiency and longevity. A field study by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory found that motors operating in environments with high humidity often experienced higher failure rates. For instance, a cooling system in a coastal area was found to have consistently higher motor failures due to salty air corrosion, affecting performance and leading to seizing.
By understanding these causes, owners can take preventive measures to ensure the longevity and efficiency of their AC systems. Regular maintenance and environmental considerations play key roles in minimizing the risk of motor seizure.
How Might Electrical Overload Lead to an AC Fan Motor Seizing?
Electrical overload can lead to an AC fan motor seizing due to excessive current passing through the motor’s windings. When the electrical load exceeds the motor’s capacity, it generates excessive heat. This heat can damage the insulation on the windings, leading to a short circuit. A short circuit can cause additional heat and allow the rotor to seize in the stator due to thermal expansion. The damaged components cannot function, which leads to the entire motor seizing and stopping. Therefore, maintaining the proper electrical load is critical to prevent this failure.
Can Insufficient Lubrication Be a Cause for an AC Fan Motor to Seize?
Yes, insufficient lubrication can cause an AC fan motor to seize. Proper lubrication ensures smooth operation of the motor’s moving parts.
Lack of lubrication creates friction within the motor. Friction can lead to overheating and damage. When lubrication is insufficient, the motor may struggle to turn, causing it to become stuck or seized. Regular maintenance is important to prevent this issue. It is essential to check lubricant levels and apply the appropriate type of lubricant as recommended by the manufacturer. This practice will help maintain motor efficiency and prolong its lifespan.
In What Ways Can Dirt and Debris Contribute to AC Fan Motor Seizing?
Dirt and debris can contribute to an AC fan motor seizing in several ways. First, dirt accumulation can block airflow. When airflow is obstructed, the motor struggles to cool itself. This increased heat can lead to overheating and eventually seizing. Second, debris can enter the motor housing. This intrusion can interfere with the motor’s internal components, causing mechanical binding. Third, dust can coat moving parts and create friction. Increased friction makes it harder for the motor to operate smoothly, leading to possible seizing. Lastly, debris might damage electrical connections. Damaged connections can disrupt power flow, impairing the motor’s performance and potentially causing it to seize. Keeping the area surrounding the AC unit clean can help prevent these issues. Regular maintenance will also ensure the motor operates efficiently and reduces the risk of seizing.
What Troubleshooting Steps Can You Take If Your AC Fan Motor Seizes?
When your AC fan motor seizes, you can take several troubleshooting steps to address the issue. These steps help diagnose the cause and potentially restore functionality.
- Check the Power Supply
- Inspect the Motor’s Capacitor
- Examine the Fan Blade and Motor Shaft
- Test the Motor Windings
- Assess the Thermostat Settings
- Seek Professional Assistance
To effectively address a seized AC fan motor, it’s important to understand each troubleshooting step listed above.
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Check the Power Supply: Checking the power supply involves ensuring the AC unit is receiving electricity. Use a multimeter to check voltage at the terminal. You should see the required voltage based on the unit’s specifications. If there is no power, investigate circuit breakers or fuses that may have tripped or blown.
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Inspect the Motor’s Capacitor: Inspecting the motor’s capacitor includes looking for physical signs of damage such as leakage or bulging. The capacitor stores energy and helps start the motor. If the capacitor is faulty, it can prevent the motor from starting. Replacement typically costs around $20 to $50.
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Examine the Fan Blade and Motor Shaft: Examining the fan blade and motor shaft means checking for obstructions or physical damage that may impede movement. If the fan blade is blocked or the shaft is rusted, the motor can seize. Cleaning and lubricating the shaft can often resolve these issues.
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Test the Motor Windings: Testing the motor windings requires using a multimeter to check for short circuits or broken connections. Measure the resistance between the terminals. A reading that is significantly different from the manufacturer’s specifications may indicate a problem within the motor.
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Assess the Thermostat Settings: Assessing the thermostat settings includes verifying that the thermostat is set correctly. If it is incorrectly set, the system may not engage the AC. Ensure the thermostat is operational and communicating properly with the AC unit.
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Seek Professional Assistance: Seeking professional assistance is advisable if the motor continues to seize after attempting the previous steps. Professionals can conduct advanced diagnostics and provide solutions that may not be apparent through basic troubleshooting. They may also offer warranties on repairs, ensuring peace of mind for the homeowner.
How Can You Inspect the AC Fan Motor for Possible Obstructions?
To inspect the AC fan motor for possible obstructions, visually examine the motor and surrounding area, check for debris, and ensure proper operation of the motor.
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Visual Inspection: Begin by visually examining the AC fan motor and its components. Look for any visible debris, such as dirt, leaves, or other objects that may obstruct the fan blades. Ensure that the fan and its housing are free from dust accumulation. A clean motor promotes optimal performance.
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Check for Debris: Look closely at the fan blades and the area around them. Debris can get lodged between the blades and the motor, preventing proper rotation. Clear away any obstructions you find to avoid damage or failure. A review by HVAC experts in 2022 notes that nearly 30% of motor failures stem from such blockages.
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Motor Function: After clearing debris, manually spin the fan blades to check for any resistance or unusual noise. If the motor is operable, the blades should spin freely without obstruction. If you encounter resistance, the motor might have internal issues.
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Electrical Connections: Inspect the electrical connections to the fan motor. Loose wiring can cause insufficient power supply to the motor, leading to performance issues. Ensure all connections are tightened and secure.
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Overheating Signs: Check for signs of overheating, such as discoloration or burnt smell around the motor. Overheating can signal internal damage or excessive strain, often due to obstructions. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) states that over 40% of motor failures result from this.
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Test Operation: Finally, power on the AC unit and listen for unusual sounds. If the motor operates loudly or inconsistently, it may indicate an internal issue or obstruction not visible during inspection.
Regularly inspecting the AC fan motor can prevent larger issues and improve overall efficiency.
What Electrical Checks Should You Perform on the AC Fan Motor?
To ensure the optimal functioning of an AC fan motor, you should perform several key electrical checks. These checks help identify potential faults and ensure safety during operation.
- Check power supply voltage
- Inspect motor windings resistance
- Evaluate capacitor functionality
- Test for short circuits
- Examine thermally activated overloads
- Measure rotor movement
- Verify connections and terminals
These electrical checks are vital in maintaining the efficiency and reliability of the AC fan motor. Understanding each of these checks will provide more insight into the motor’s performance.
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Check Power Supply Voltage: Checking the power supply voltage involves measuring the voltage supplied to the motor. This ensures that the motor receives the correct voltage as specified by the manufacturer. A reading significantly lower or higher than the rated voltage can lead to overheating or insufficient performance. According to the National Electrical Code, motors operate best within a 10% range of the specified voltage.
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Inspect Motor Windings Resistance: Inspecting motor windings resistance occurs by using a multimeter to measure the resistance of the windings. This check helps identify any breaks or shorts in the windings that could hinder motor operation. Typically, healthy windings will show a resistance below a specified ohmic value depending on the motor type.
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Evaluate Capacitor Functionality: Evaluating capacitor functionality involves testing the start and run capacitors, which aid in starting and maintaining motor operation. A faulty capacitor can lead to insufficient starting torque or motor overheating. Capacitors can be tested with a capacitance meter to ensure they meet the required specifications.
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Test for Short Circuits: Testing for short circuits is essential in identifying any unintended connections between wires that could lead to a failure. Short circuits can cause fuses to blow or motors to burn out. Continuity tests with a multimeter can identify shorts.
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Examine Thermally Activated Overloads: Examining thermally activated overloads ensures that the motor is equipped with protection against overheating. These devices interrupt the power supply when excessive current is detected. Understanding their status can prevent damage due to prolonged overheating.
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Measure Rotor Movement: Measuring rotor movement involves checking if the rotor spins freely without obstruction. A seized rotor can indicate mechanical failure or internal issues within the motor. An unobstructed rotation typically means the motor is mechanically sound.
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Verify Connections and Terminals: Verifying connections and terminals entails inspecting all electrical connections for signs of wear, corrosion, or loose connections. Proper connections are crucial to ensure reliable motor operation.
In conclusion, performing these checks can help maintain the longevity and performance of your AC fan motor, ultimately leading to fewer maintenance issues and a more efficient system.
How Do You Assess Whether the AC Fan Motor Needs Lubrication?
To assess whether the AC fan motor needs lubrication, listen for unusual noises, check for slow operation, and inspect the motor for visible wear or heat.
Unusual noises: If the motor produces grinding, rattling, or squealing sounds, it may indicate insufficient lubrication. A study by the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE, 2021) noted that noise is often a primary indicator of mechanical issues.
Slow operation: A fan motor that operates slower than normal can signal friction caused by lack of lubrication. An optimal motor speed ensures effective air circulation and cooling.
Visible wear or heat: Inspect the motor for signs of overheating or visible wear. Overheating can occur due to increased friction from inadequate lubrication. According to the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA, 2020), excessive heat can damage motor components over time, leading to failure.
Regular maintenance: Performing routine checks can help prevent lubrication-related issues. Regular maintenance, as suggested by industry experts, includes checking lubricants and replenishing them when necessary, especially in high-use environments.
By closely monitoring these factors, you can determine whether your AC fan motor requires lubrication to maintain its efficiency and prolong its lifespan.
What Preventative Solutions Can Help Avoid AC Fan Motor Seizing?
Preventative solutions that can help avoid AC fan motor seizing include regular maintenance, lubrication, and proper installation techniques.
- Regular maintenance
- Lubrication of moving parts
- Installing clean air filters
- Monitoring electrical connections
- Checking for unusual noises
- Ensuring proper ventilation
By examining these preventative measures, we can gain a better understanding of how to maintain the integrity of an AC fan motor.
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Regular Maintenance:
Regular maintenance involves routine inspections and servicing of the AC unit. This includes cleaning coils, checking for refrigerant leaks, and ensuring components function correctly. According to the U.S. Department of Energy, maintaining an AC system can increase its lifespan and efficiency. A study by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) shows that clean AC systems operate more efficiently and have lower failure rates. -
Lubrication of Moving Parts:
Lubrication of moving parts refers to applying appropriate oil to components such as bearings and motors. Proper lubrication reduces friction, which can cause overheating or seizing. The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) suggests regularly checking lubricant levels to ensure optimal performance. A case study revealed that inadequate lubrication was a common cause of fan motor failure in several commercial buildings. -
Installing Clean Air Filters:
Installing clean air filters prevents dust and debris from entering the AC system. Dirty filters can restrict airflow, leading to overheating and potentially causing the fan motor to seize. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recommends changing filters every 1 to 3 months, depending on usage and surrounding conditions. -
Monitoring Electrical Connections:
Monitoring electrical connections is vital for preventing fan motor issues. Loose or corroded wires can affect the motor’s performance, leading to overheating or failure. The Electrical Safety Foundation International (ESFI) highlights the importance of inspecting connections as part of routine maintenance. -
Checking for Unusual Noises:
Checking for unusual noises helps identify problems before they escalate. Strange sounds may indicate that the fan motor is struggling or that parts are misaligned. The HVAC industry recognizes that addressing unusual noises early can prevent more significant issues later, minimizing downtime. -
Ensuring Proper Ventilation:
Ensuring proper ventilation allows for the effective heat dissipation of the AC unit. Poor ventilation can cause the motor to overheat, leading to potential seizing. According to the Air Conditioning Contractors of America (ACCA), ensuring adequate airflow is essential for the reliable operation of HVAC systems.
Implementing these preventative solutions can significantly reduce the risk of an AC fan motor seizing, ensuring a longer lifespan and improved efficiency for the entire system.
How Can Regular Maintenance of Your AC Fan Motor Prolong Its Lifespan?
Regular maintenance of your AC fan motor can significantly prolong its lifespan by ensuring efficient operation, preventing damage, and reducing energy costs. Key maintenance practices contribute to these benefits.
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Cleaning: Dirt and debris accumulate on the fan blades and motor over time. A dirty motor struggles to operate efficiently, leading to overheating. Regularly cleaning the motor and fan blades enhances airflow and reduces strain on the motor.
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Lubrication: Fan motors typically have bearings that need lubrication. Proper lubrication minimizes friction and wear. According to the U.S. Department of Energy (2020), motors that are properly lubricated can last significantly longer than those that are not.
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Inspections: Regular inspections can identify potential issues before they escalate. Checking for wear and tear, frayed wires, and loose connections enables early intervention. A study from the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE, 2021) found that regular inspections can improve system reliability by up to 30%.
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Belt and Pulley Maintenance: If your AC fan uses a belt, ensure it is properly tensioned and aligned. A misaligned or worn belt can lead to motor strain and premature failure. Replacing belts regularly according to the manufacturer’s guidelines is crucial for optimal performance.
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Professional Servicing: Engaging a professional technician for annual servicing can provide thorough checks and maintenance routines. Professionals can diagnose issues that may not be apparent in casual inspections. The Energy Information Administration (2022) recommends annual professional maintenance to increase system lifespan by 20-30%.
Implementing these maintenance practices can significantly improve the operational lifespan of your AC fan motor, enhance energy efficiency, and save on repair costs in the long run. Regular attention to these details ensures reliable cooling performance and maximizes your investment.
What Types of Upgrades or Replacements Are Recommended for AC Fan Motors?
Upgrading or replacing AC fan motors can improve efficiency and extend the lifespan of your air conditioning system. It is essential to choose appropriate upgrades or replacements to ensure optimal performance.
- High-Efficiency Motors
- ECM (Electronically Commutated Motors)
- Replacement Capacitors
- Variable Speed Motors
- Smart Motors with IoT Capability
Considering the technical advancements in AC fan motors, it is vital to delve deeper into each recommended upgrade or replacement type.
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High-Efficiency Motors: High-efficiency motors significantly reduce energy consumption while maintaining performance. These motors typically have optimized designs and materials that minimize losses. According to the U.S. Department of Energy, high-efficiency motors can reduce energy usage by 2-8%, leading to considerable savings over time.
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ECM (Electronically Commutated Motors): ECMs use electronic controls to adjust speed, improving energy efficiency. They operate at different speeds, allowing them to match system requirements. A 2021 study by the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) indicates that ECMs can provide energy savings of 30% or more compared to traditional motors.
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Replacement Capacitors: Capacitors play a crucial role in starting and running motors effectively. Replacing a faulty capacitor can restore motor function. For instance, a misfiring capacitor can lead to motor overheating. The National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) stresses the importance of using high-quality capacitors to ensure longevity and reliability.
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Variable Speed Motors: Variable speed motors can adjust their output based on cooling needs. This technology enhances comfort levels and reduces energy costs. According to a report published by the Alliance to Save Energy, systems with variable speed motors can be 60% more efficient than standard motors.
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Smart Motors with IoT Capability: Smart motors can integrate with building management systems and provide real-time data. This capability allows for predictive maintenance and energy monitoring. A study by McKinsey & Company in 2020 found that IoT integration into HVAC systems can reduce operational costs by up to 25%.
These upgrades and replacements enable your AC system to operate more efficiently and effectively, leading to lower energy bills and enhanced comfort.
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